Flight Instructor Airplane · Area II: Technical Subject Areas

Task I. Navigation and Cross-Country Flight Planning

FAA-S-ACS-25 · Effective 2024-05-31

Knowledge

What you should understand and be able to explain.

18 elements
  • AI.II.I.K1
    Route planning, including consideration of different classes and special use airspace (SUA) and selection of appropriate and available navigation/communication systems and facilities.
  • AI.II.I.K2
    Altitude selection accounting for terrain and obstacles, glide distance of airplane, visual flight rules (VFR) cruising altitudes, and effect of wind.
  • AI.II.I.K3
    Plotting a course.
  • AI.II.I.K4
    Power setting selection.
  • AI.II.I.K5
    Calculating:
  • AI.II.I.K5a
    Time, climb and descent rates, course, distance, heading, true airspeed, and groundspeed
  • AI.II.I.K5b
    Estimated time of arrival, including conversion to universal coordinated time (UTC)
  • AI.II.I.K5c
    Fuel requirements, including reserve
  • AI.II.I.K6
    Elements of a VFR flight plan.
  • AI.II.I.K7
    Correlate weather information to make a go/no-go decision.
  • AI.II.I.K8
    Procedures for activating and closing a VFR flight plan.
  • AI.II.I.K9
    Magnetic compass errors.
  • AI.II.I.K10
    Pilotage and dead reckoning.
  • AI.II.I.K11
    Planned calculations versus actual results and required corrections.
  • AI.II.I.K12
    Diversion and lost procedures.
  • AI.II.I.K13
    Inflight intercept procedures.
  • AI.II.I.K14
    Use of an electronic flight bag (EFB), if used.
  • AI.II.I.K15
    Chart symbols.

Risk management

Risks to recognize and decisions to consider.

6 elements
  • AI.II.I.R1
    Pilot.
  • AI.II.I.R2
    Aircraft.
  • AI.II.I.R3
    Environment (e.g., weather, airports, airspace, terrain, obstacles).
  • AI.II.I.R4
    External pressures.
  • AI.II.I.R5
    Limitations of air traffic control (ATC) services.
  • AI.II.I.R6
    Fuel planning.
Skill elements and task objectives

This page covers knowledge and risk management. For the complete task, including skill standards, open the FAA document (PDF).