Flight Instructor Airplane · Area II: Technical Subject Areas
Task A. Human Factors
FAA-S-ACS-25 · Effective 2024-05-31
Knowledge
What you should understand and be able to explain.
- AI.II.A.K1Symptoms, recognition, causes, effects, and corrective actions associated with aeromedical and physiological issues, including:
- AI.II.A.K1aHypoxia
- AI.II.A.K1bHyperventilation
- AI.II.A.K1cMiddle ear and sinus problems
- AI.II.A.K1dSpatial disorientation
- AI.II.A.K1eMotion sickness
- AI.II.A.K1fCarbon monoxide poisoning
- AI.II.A.K1gStress
- AI.II.A.K1hFatigue
- AI.II.A.K1iDehydration and nutrition
- AI.II.A.K1jHypothermia
- AI.II.A.K1kOptical illusions
- AI.II.A.K1lDissolved nitrogen in the bloodstream after scuba dives
- AI.II.A.K2Regulations regarding use of alcohol and drugs.
- AI.II.A.K3Effects of alcohol, drugs, and over-the-counter medications.
- AI.II.A.K4Aeronautical Decision-Making (ADM) to include using Crew Resource Management (CRM) or Single-Pilot Resource Management (SRM), as appropriate.
Risk management
Risks to recognize and decisions to consider.
- AI.II.A.R1Aeromedical and physiological issues.
- AI.II.A.R2Hazardous attitudes.
- AI.II.A.R3Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation.
- AI.II.A.R4Confirmation and expectation bias.
Skill elements and task objectives
This page covers knowledge and risk management. For the complete task, including skill standards, open the FAA document (PDF).