Private Pilot · Area XI: Night Operations

Task A. Night Operations

FAA-S-ACS-6C · Effective 2024-05-31

Knowledge

What you should understand and be able to explain.

8 elements
  • PA.XI.A.K1
    Physiological aspects of vision related to night flying.
  • PA.XI.A.K2
    Lighting systems identifying airports, runways, taxiways and obstructions, as well as pilot controlled lighting.
  • PA.XI.A.K3
    Airplane equipment and lighting requirements for night operations.
  • PA.XI.A.K4
    Personal equipment essential for night flight.
  • PA.XI.A.K5
    Night orientation, navigation, chart reading techniques and methods for maintaining night vision effectiveness.
  • PA.XI.A.K6
    Night taxi operations.
  • PA.XI.A.K7
    Interpretation of traffic position and direction based solely on position lights.
  • PA.XI.A.K8
    Visual illusions at night.

Risk management

Risks to recognize and decisions to consider.

7 elements
  • PA.XI.A.R1
    Collision hazards.
  • PA.XI.A.R2
    Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation.
  • PA.XI.A.R3
    Effect of visual illusions and night adaptation during all phases of night flying.
  • PA.XI.A.R4
    Runway incursion.
  • PA.XI.A.R5
    Night currency versus proficiency.
  • PA.XI.A.R6
    Weather considerations specific to night operations.
  • PA.XI.A.R7
    Inoperative equipment.
Skill elements and task objectives

This page covers knowledge and risk management. For the complete task, including skill standards, open the FAA document (PDF).